[51] In all, the state planned to spend $300billion to build a 25,000km (16,000mi) HSR network by 2020.[52][53]. [4] China's HSR accounts for two-thirds of the world's total high-speed railway networks. Service failures in the first month of operation drove passengers back to pre-existing slower rail service and air travel; airline ticket prices rebounded due to reduced competition. In 2004, the State Council in its Mid-to-Long Term Railway Development Plan, adopted conventional track HSR technology over maglev for the BeijingShanghai High Speed Railway and three other northsouth high-speed rail lines. As of March 2011, no major quality defects had been found in the system. Statista. [22] At the time, the BeijingShanghai Railway was already at capacity, and the proposal was jointly studied by the Science & Technology Commission, State Planning Commission, State Economic & Trade Commission, and the MOR. China's high-speed rail expansion is entirely managed, planned and financed by the Chinese government. [note 3] The HSR building boom continues with the HSR network set to reach 70,000km (43,000mi) in 2035. [37] Alstom of France, Siemens of Germany, Bombardier Transportation based in Germany and a Japanese consortium led by Kawasaki all submitted bids. [47] Kawasaki challenged China's high-speed rail project for patent theft, but backed off the effort.[48]. What did the delicate girl do for the first time in the high-speed rail? Read how federal. In common parlance, high-speed train service in China generally refers to G-, D- and C-class passenger train service. [158], Overall, ridership is growing as the high-speed rail network continues to expand. Mainland tourists said the high hotel prices and the fully resumed cross-border high-speed rail were factors in . While a number of high-speed railways in eastern China have started to be operationally profitable since 2015, the high speed railways in the midwest still operate at a loss. The report quotes an unnamed executive who . COVID-19 outbreak disrupted rail transport As a Premium user you get access to background information and details about the release of this statistic. High-speed ridership statistics in China are often reported as the number of passengers carried by high-speed EMU train sets, and such figures typically include passengers on EMU trains operating on non-high speed track or at service speeds below 200km/h (124mph).[19]. As of 2023[update], it remains the fastest commercial train in the world with peak speeds of 431km/h (268mph) and makes the 30.5km (19.0mi) trip in less than 7.5 minutes. [87][88] Quality and safety concerns also affected plans to export cheaper high-speed train technology to other countries. In July 2016, the state planners reorganized the national HSR network including HSR lines in operation, under construction and under planning into eight vertical and eight horizontal high speed rail corridors, almost doubling the network.[189][190]. The refusal of the Transrapid Consortium to share technology and source production in China made large-scale maglev production much more costly than high-speed train technology for conventional lines. (August 18, 2020). The non-stop express train from Beijing to Fuzhou shortened travel time from 33.5 to less than 20 hours. Trains can operate at 200km/h (124mph) on many of the conventional main lines. [citation needed] As of years ending 2008, 2009 and 2010, the MOR's debt-to-asset ratio was respectively, 46.81%, 53.06% and 57.44%,[105] and reached 58.58% by mid-year 2011. Work on the, Facilitates cross-city economic integration and promotes the growth of. A notable example is the GuangzhouShenzhen railway, which in December 1994 became the first line in China to offer sub-high-speed service of 160km/h (99mph) using domestically produced DF-class diesel locomotives. "China to Bid on US High-Speed Rail Projects" A.P. [101] From July to September, high-speed rail ridership in China fell by nearly 30 million to 151 million trips. [9] HSR lines with design speeds at 200250km/h (120160mph) are more common than higher speed lines. [37] All had to adapt their HSR train-sets to China's own common standard and assemble units through local joint ventures (JV) or cooperate with Chinese manufacturers. [20] The steam-powered train, which ran on the South Manchuria Railway from Dalian to Xinjing (Changchun), had a top commercial speed of 110km/h (68mph) and a test speed of 130km/h (81mph). Over the past decade, the country has added over 35,000 kilometers to its high-speed rail (HSR) network, with the total length that far exceeds the rest of the world combined. Despite impressive ridership figures, virtually every completed line has incurred losses in its first years of operation. [120] High-speed passenger rail service expanded to 28 provinces and regions. A total of 400 new generation trains were ordered. [52][53] The government has justified the expensive undertaking as promoting a number of policy objectives. China is the third country, after Japan and France, to have one billion cumulative HSR passengers. [33] At the time, planners were divided between using high-speed trains with wheels that run on conventional standard gauge tracks or magnetic levitation trains that run on special maglev tracks for a new national high-speed rail network. Once the designs are developed, a separate tender will be held for the actual construction of the rail link, which Russian Railways expects to cost 1.06 trillion rubles ($19.5 billion).[223]. [45] According to CSR president Zhang Chenghong, CSR "made the bold move of forming a systemic development platform for high-speed locomotives and further upgrading its design and manufacturing technology. And almost lines along Eastern coast are busy and profitable. Supporters argued that high-speed rail would boost future economic growth. [63][64], In April 2011, the new Minister of Railways Sheng Guangzu said that due to corruption, safety may have been compromised on some construction projects and completion dates may have to be pushed back. [97][98] The Minister of Railways announced further cuts in the speed of Chinese high-speed trains, with the speed of the second-tier 'D' trains reduced from 250km/h (155mph) to 200km/h (124mph), and 200km/h (124mph) to 160km/h (99mph) on upgraded pre-existing lines. The earliest example of higher-speed commercial train service in China was the Asia Express, a luxury passenger train that operated in Japanese-controlled Manchuria from 1934 to 1943. Although both classified as high-speed rail, the Shanghai Maglev often is not counted as part of the national high-speed rail network, while XRL is fully integrated into the national network of the CRH. Bombardier, through its joint venture with CSR's Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock Co (CSR Sifang), Bombardier Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation Ltd (BST). China's busiest high-speed rail line handles 1.35 billion passengers in 10 years. ", "China's fastest high speed train 380A rolls off production line", "High-speed rail broadens range of options for China's New Year travel", "China finds 187 mln yuan embezzled from Beijing-Shanghai railway project", "Chinese rail crash scandal: 'official steals $2.8 billion', "China acts on high-speed rail safety fears", "China slows down showcase bullet trains", "World's longest high-speed train to decelerate a bit", "The Backlash Is Brewing Against Chinese High-Speed Rail: Here's Why It's In Trouble", "Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway to run trials", "China not slowing high-speed rail construction", "Railway cuts bullet trains from schedule | Sunday Digest", "Train Wreck in China Heightens Unease on Safety Standards", "Crash raises doubts about China's fast rail plans", "Chinese bullet trains recalled in wake of fatal crash | World news", "Five Days Later, Chinese Concede Design Flaw Had Role in Wreck", "Un error en las seales caus el choque de trenes chinos", "La signalisation mise en cause dans l'accident du Pkin-Shangha", "La scurit des TGV chinois de plus en plus conteste", "First fatal crash on Chinese high speed line", "China train crash: Signal design flaw blamed", "China train crash kills 32 The Observer", "Outrage at Wenzhou disaster pushes China to suspend bullet train project", "China's High-Speed Rail Accident 'Struck a Nerve' | The Rundown News Blog", "China crashes into a middle class revolt", "China steps up train safety amid anger after cras", "China freezes new railway projects after high-speed train crash", "China train crash: Design flaws to blame safety chief", "China suspends new high speed rail plans", "Decision to slow trains met with mixed response|Nation|chinadaily.com.cn", "More high-speed trains slow down to improve safety|Society|chinadaily.com.cn", "CapitalVue News: China Cuts Ticket Price Of High Speed Rail", "China's high speed rail projects on hold due to cash crunch", Simon Rabinovitch, Chinas high-speed rail gets back on track Financial Times, "World's longest high-speed rail line makes debut", "China High Speed Train Development and Investment", "Sound financials recharge China's fast trains", "Bullet trains trigger profit growth for railways", "China's high-speed rail still reporting staggering losses", "China's railways mileage tops 100,000 km", "Chinese Trainmakers To Merge And Form Export Powerhouse", "China's Busiest High-Speed Rail Line Makes a Fast Buck", "China's high-speed rail lines top 37,900 at end of 2020 Xinhua | English.news.cn", "China to Expand High-Speed Rail Network to 50,000 Kilometers by 2025", "Despite a Deadly Crash, Rail System Has Good Safety Record", "Railway Efficiency An Overview and a Look at Opportunities for Improvement", "What is rail efficiency and how can it be changed? [182], The MOR faces a debt-repayment peak in 2014. High-speed rail service in China was introduced on April 18, 2007 and traffic has grown 30% per annum ever since, reaching 1.44 billion in 2016: four times of the HSR volume in Japan, nine times France's, and greater than north America's total air traffic. This text provides general information. [37] The State Council, MOR and state-owned train builders used China's large market and competition among foreign train-makers to force technology transfers of foreign high speed rail technology[citation needed]. The fastest commercial train service measured by peak operational speed is the, The fastest commercial train service measured by average train speed is the CRH express service on the, The fastest timetabled start-to-stop runs between a station pair in the world are trains G17/G39 on the, The top speed attained by a non-maglev train in China is 487.3km/h (302.8mph) by a, This page was last edited on 1 May 2023, at 05:10. [30] To attain higher speeds and transport capacity, planners began to propose a passenger-dedicated HSR network on a grand scale. [121] The number of high-speed train sets in operation grew from 1,277 pairs in June to 1,556.5 pairs in December. This decision ended the debate and cleared the way for rapid construction of standard gauge, passenger dedicated HSR lines in China.[35][36]. They are known as passenger-designated lines (PDL). The most important key figures provide you with a compact summary of the topic of "High-speed rail in China" and take you straight to the corresponding statistics. Euro Carex (Europe Cargo Rail Express) is founded in April 2009 as an international non-profit association. High-speed rail is also becoming relatively more affordable as fares have remained stable while worker wages have grown sharply over the same period. Six lines have started to make operating profits (ie, not counting construction costs), with the Beijing-Shanghai link the world's most profitable bullet train, pulling in 6.6bn yuan last year.. The development of the HSR network in China was initially delayed by a debate over the type of track technology to be used. Photo: People's Daily The high-speed rail (HSR) network in the People's Republic of China (PRC) is the world's longest and most extensively used with a total length of 42,000 kilometres (26,000mi) by the end of 2022. In addition to track and scheduling improvements, the MOR also deployed faster CRH series trains. At the beginning of the 21st century China had no high-speed railways. Then you can access your favorite statistics via the star in the header. In mid 2015, China has signed up to design a high-speed railway between the Russian cities of Moscow and Kazan, one of the first concrete examples of the new business with China that Russian officials have been pursuing with renewed vigor since falling out with the West. [181] The losses must be covered by the operator, which is usually subsidized by local governments. There have been numerous attempts to extend the line without success. 2016, CRH (China Railway High-speed) express service has been launched on trial in China's 505 cities where have access to the high-speed . A unit of Russia's state-owned JSC Russian Railways signed a contract with the design unit of China's state-controlled China Railway Group to come up with the plans for a 770 kilometer high-speed rail between the two Russian cities. The CRH380A/AL, the first indigenous high-speed train of the CRH series, entered service on the Shanghai-Hangzhou High-Speed Railway on October 26, 2010. In June 1998, at a State Council meeting with the Chinese Academies of Sciences and Engineering, Premier Zhu Rongji asked whether the high-speed railway between Beijing and Shanghai still being planned could use maglev technology. Higher-speed express train service allowed more trains to share the tracks and improved rail transport capacity. [96] On August 10, 2011, the Chinese government announced that it was suspending approvals of any new high-speed rail lines pending the outcome of the investigation. [37] It supplied the technology for the CRH3C, based on the ICE3 (class 403) design, to CNR's Tangshan Railway Vehicle Co. Ltd. [89], The train collision exposed poor management by the railway company. To increase transport capacity, the MOR ordered 70 16-car trainsets from CSR Sifang and BST, including 10 sets of CRH1B and 20 sets of CRH2B seating trains, 20 sets of CRH1E and 20 sets of CRH2E sleeper trains. The protests gathered over a million signatures and politicized the issue. | Pedestrian Observations", National Development and Reform Commission 2016, "30,000-kilometer high-speed railway to cover 80% of urban areas by 2020", "No timetable yet for Shanghai-Hangzhou maglev line: official", "Beijing's first maglev line resumes construction", "All Existing and U/C Maglev Lines in 2020", "High-speed rail construction not suspended People's Daily Online", "China Railway sets out 2017 targets International Railway Journal", "China Exclusive: Five bln trips made on China's bullet trains", "China's railways report 3.57b passenger trips in 2019", "Total volume of passenger transported by highspeed railways in China from 2008 to 2021", "Train Makers Rail Against China's High-Speed Designs", "China Rail Chief's Firing Hints at Trouble", "High-Speed Trains in China to Run Slower, Ministry Says", "Full steam ahead for high-speed rail patents overseas", "Chinese firm launches R&D on 600 km/h maglev train", "China Is Eager to Bring High-Speed Rail Expertise to the U.S.", "Indonesia's Handling of High-speed Train Project Adds to Business Confusion, Mixed Messages to Japan, China Come as Indonesia courts foreign investors", "Siemens joins China bid for Saudi Haramain project", "GE and China MOR Sign Strategic MOU to Advance High-Speed Rail Opportunities in the U.S.", Chinese Firm Constructs High-Speed Railway in Turkey, "China to Design New Russian High-Speed Railway", "Shanghai Maglev Train (431 km/h) - High Definition Video", "China restores bullet train speed to 350 km/h Xinhua | English.news.cn", "China begins to restore 350 kmh bullet train Xinhua | English.news.cn", "China powers ahead as new entrants clock in", "China launches longest high-speed train service" China Daily, National Development and Reform Commission, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=High-speed_rail_in_China&oldid=1152594619, Stimulates the economy in the short term as HSR construction creates jobs and drives up demand for construction, steel and cement industries during the economic downturn. Dedicated guideways eliminate shared tracks with slower freight, transit or Amtrak. On mixed-use HSR lines, passenger train service can attain peak speeds of 200250km/h (120160mph). In 2004, the Shanghai Maglev Train became the world's first commercially operated high-speed maglev. [40] These trains, designated CRH1A, were delivered in 2006. As of 2010, the CRIC-bonds are considered to be relatively safe investments because they are backed by assets (the railways) and implicitly by the government. to incorporate the statistic into your presentation at any time. According to Xinhua News Agency, the aggregate results of the six Speed Up Campaigns were: boosting passenger train speed on 22,000km (14,000mi) of tracks to 120km/h (75mph), on 14,000km (8,700mi) of tracks to 160km/h (99mph), on 2,876km (1,787mi) of tracks to 200km/h (124mph) and on 846km (526mi) of tracks to 250km/h (155mph). Is China high-speed rail profitable? Intercity HSR service speeds range from 200350km/h (120220mph). [143] However, the rail staff productivity upon railway track infrastructure index in China is less than 0.05, being the lowest among the countries with significant railway construction. Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 70m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. Public Transportation & Mobility Services, Intercity rail services in the United States, Get the best reports to understand your industry, World Rail Market Study - Executive Summary 2020. Achieving indigenous high-speed rail technology has been a major goal of Chinese state planners. By the mid-1990s, average train speed in China was about 60km/h (37mph). Currently, the HSR extends to all provincial-level administrative divisions and Hong Kong SAR,[note 1][note 2] with the exception of Macau SAR. Use Ask Statista Research Service, Public Transportation & Mobility Services, Fastest trains in the world by record speed 2022, Length of highspeed railway lines in use worldwide in 2021, by country, Passenger transport volume of highspeed railways in China 2008-2021, Revenue of the China Railway Group (CREC) 2011-2021, To download this statistic in XLS format you need a Statista Account, To download this statistic in PNG format you need a Statista Account, To download this statistic in PDF format you need a Statista Account. [99] The speed of the remaining 350km/h (217mph) trains between Shanghai and Hangzhou was reduced to 300km/h (186mph) as of August 28, 2011. Some intercity lines run parallel to other high-speed rail lines but serve more stations along the route. Train travel between central and southern Chinas largest cities, Wuhan and Guangzhou, was reduced to just over three hours. [10] In 2020, China started testing a maglev prototype train that runs at 600km/h (373mph) and planned a 2025 launch date. IPO for China's most profitable high-speed train State to sell 15% of Beijing to Shanghai line to help fund less profitable rail services by KG Chan October 29, 2019 A bullet train departs Shanghai's Hongqiao Station. Financial losses during the ramp-up period should not be surprising for new rail lines. On August 1, 2008, the BeijingTianjin intercity railway opened in time for the 2008 Summer Olympics. ", Gerald Ollivier, Richard Bullock, Ying Jin and Nanyan Zhou, "High-Speed Railways in China: A Look at Traffic" World Bank China Transport Topics No. [106][147] The MOR, through its financing arm, the China Rail Investment Corp (CRIC), issued an estimated 1trillion (US$150billion in 2010 dollars) in debt to finance HSR construction from 2006 to 2010,[158] including 310billion in the first 10 months of 2010. ", "High-Speed Rail: The Fast Track to Economic Development? Nowadays, China Railway no longer decides the railway policy, instead focus on the development of the rail network and rail infrastructure in China. The 4+4 national HSR grid was largely completed by the end of 2015 and now serves as the backbone of China's HSR network. [50], After committing to conventional-track high-speed rail in 2006, the state embarked on an ambitious campaign to build passenger-dedicated high-speed rail lines, which accounted for a large part of the government's growing budget for rail construction. [77][79][80][81][82] Several carriages derailed. [42] They are known as CRH2A. [20] It was faster than the fastest trains in Japan at the time. Moreover, State-owned corporation also uses bulk purchasing to reduce material prices. [178] To break even, the line must deliver 30 million rides annually. Rail Vehicle Market Report is highly -intensive driven by high R&D investment and has strong product analysis to maintain growth and ensure long-term monetization with a forecast period of 2023-2029. The trains G403/404 and G405/406 for the Beijing West (Beijingxi) - Kunming South (Kunmingnan) service (distance 2,760km (1,710mi), travel time about 10 1/2 hours), which began service on January 1, 2017, became the longest high-speed rail service in the world. The train operated in commercially on conventional rail lines in southwest China from 2007 to 2010. [60] Sheng announced that all trains in the high-speed rail network would operate at a maximum speed of 300km/h (186mph) beginning on July 1, 2011. The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Industry-specific and extensively researched technical data (partially from exclusive partnerships). [158] The Zhengzhou-Xian HSR since opening in February 2010 was expected to generate revenues of 0.6billion in its first full year but must make interest payments of 1.1billion. He also introduced that a few days ago, he traveled from Chengdu to . When considering route strategy, HSR's market share versus other modes must be well understood. [186] However, China's average income per capita is considerably lower than these other countries, so the high speed train fares remain unaffordable for most but the well-to-do. With the exception of Siemens which refused to lower its demand of CN350million per train set and 390million for the technology transfer, the other three were all awarded portions of the contract. [112][113] China's 1,580 high-speed trains were transporting 1.33 million passengers daily, about 25.7% of the overall passenger traffic. [134], The HSR network reached 37,900km (23,500mi) in total length by the end of 2020. [68] Instead, a conventional subway line was built to connect the two airports, and a conventional high-speed rail line was built between Shanghai and Hangzhou. [210][211][212][213], In October 2016 China's CRRC announced that it was beginning research and development on a 600km/h (373mph) Maglev train and would build a 5km (3.1mi) test track. The CRH380 series(or family) of trains was initially built with direct cooperation (or help) from foreign trainmakers, but newer trainsets are based on transferred technology, just like the Hexie and Fuxing Hao. Total investments in new rail lines including HSR reached $49.4billion in 2008 and $88billion in 2009. For example, the BeijingTianjin intercity railway in its two full years of operation, delivered over 41 million rides. The Shanghai Maglev Train, a turnkey Transrapid maglev demonstration line 30.5km (19.0mi) long. [179] [178] The terms of the loans range from 510 years at interest rates of 6.3 to 6.8 percent. The HSR network encompasses newly built rail lines with a design speed of 200-350 km/h (120-220 mph). Some 4,715 kilometres (2,930mi) of new high-speed railways would be opened, and by the end of 2011, China would have 13,073 kilometres (8,123mi) of railways capable of carrying trains at speeds of at least 200km/h (124mph). [210] China currently holds many new patents related to the internal components of these trains, re-designed in China to allow the trains to run at higher speeds than the foreign designs allowed. [183], China's high-speed railway network is by far the longest in the world. The GuiyangGuangzhou high-speed railway and LanzhouXinjiang high-speed railway are both suffering from high maintenance cost due to harsh climate conditions and complicated terrain structure. [209] Of the 3.313 billion passenger-trips delivered by China Railway in 2018, EMU train sets carried 2.001 billion passenger-trips. China's first line, the Qinhuangdao-Shenyang passenger railway, was opened in 2003. [61] [63][64], Following the deadly crash, the Chinese government suspended new railway project approvals and launched safety checks on existing equipment. According to the filing, published by the China Securities Regulatory Commission on Friday, Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway, which operates the 1,300km (807 mile) line, booked a net profit of . The Beijing Shanghai route has been always full and making big money even during the pandemic. During the Sixth Railway Speed Up Campaign, 52 CRH trainsets (CRH1, CRH2 and CRH5) entered into operation. Profit from the additional features of your individual account. The World Bank estimated in 2019 that currently, the average cost of the Chinese high-speed rail network was from 17 to 21 million dollars per km, which is one third less than the cost of most of Western countries. [146], According to a costbenefit analysis by the Paulson Institute, the high-speed rail network benefits the Chinese economy by $378 billion, with an annual return on investment of 6.5%. China Railway assumed control of complete railway network that was built by the dissolved Ministry of Railways. In 2012, the average occupancy rate of high-speed rails in China was 57%. On one hand, the demand of high-speed rail in China steadily increases over time. Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. According to the "Mid-to-Long Term Railway Network Plan" (revised in 2008), the MOR plans to build over 40,000km (25,000mi) of railway in order to expand the railway network in western China and to fill gaps in the networks of eastern and central China. Even the more modest plan to extend the maglev to Shanghai's other airport, Hongqiao, has stalled. [215][216], Typical application of track technology in China high-speed lines, Chinese train-makers and rail builders have signed agreements to build HSRs in Turkey, Venezuela, Argentina,[217] and Indonesia[218] and are bidding on HSR projects in the United States, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Brazil (So Paulo to Rio de Janeiro) and Myanmar, and other countries. [60] Zhang was estimated to have misappropriated to his personal overseas accounts the equivalent of $2.8 billion. As per the official statement of National High-Speed Rail . Kawasaki's cooperation with CSR did not last as long. 1st May 2023, 23:03 GMT+10. To date, China owns the largest HSR system in the world, with a total operating high-speed rail network of 40,000 kilometers in 2021. Certain mixed use freight and passenger rail lines, that can be upgraded for train speeds of 250km/h (155mph), with current passenger service of at least 200km/h (124mph), are also considered high-speed rail.[18]. About 4050% of financing is provided by the national government through lending by state owned banks and financial institutions, another 40% by the bonds issued by the Ministry of Railway (MOR) and the remaining 1020% by provincial and local governments. Another top official in the Railways Ministry, Zhang Shuguang, was also sacked for corruption. [178] To be able to repay principal, ridership would need to exceed 40million. [37] The State Council turned to advanced technology abroad but made clear in directives that China's HSR expansion could not only benefit foreign economies and should also be used to develop its own high-speed train building capacity through technology transfers. Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports, China's investment in intercity high-speed rail and rail transit. [188] Flights on routes over 1,500km (930mi) are generally unaffected. statistic alerts) please log in with your personal account. [180] In December 2014, the Henan provincial government imposed a rule requiring municipal authorities pay 70% of the deficit incurred by Henan's intercity lines with the provincial authorities paying the remainder 30%.

Companies That Support Planned Parenthood 2019, Articles I