type of connective tissue that provides strength to the body and protects soft tissue synovial membrane connective tissue membrane that lines the cavities of freely movable joints, producing synovial fluid for lubrication tight junction forms an impermeable barrier between cells tissue group of cells that are similar in form and perform related . conveys tissue fluid and strengthens organs Areolar tissue is a reservoir for water, salts and fibroblasts What does adipose tissue contain? Bone is a highly vascularized tissue. Answer: Click at the bottom of the quiz for the answers. Blood contains formed elements derived from bone marrow. What is tendinitis and how did it happen? Connective tissues separate and cushion organs, protecting them from shifting or traumatic injury. Tendinitis is routinely diagnosed through a clinical examination. It provides protection to internal organs and supports the body. There are two basic types of adipocytes: white and brown. Compact bone is solid and has greater structural strength. Supportive connective tissuebone and cartilageprovide structure and strength to the body and protect soft tissues. As you have seen from the tissue types discussed above, the main role of connective tissues is to form the structural framework of the body. Hyaline cartilage, the most common type of cartilage in the body, consists of short and dispersed collagen fibers and contains large amounts of proteoglycans. When irritated or damaged, mast cells release histamine, an inflammatory mediator, which causes vasodilation and increased blood flow at a site of injury or infection, along with itching, swelling, and redness you recognize as an allergic response. Under the microscope, a tissue specimen shows cells located in spaces scattered in a transparent background. The matrix usually includes a large amount of extracellular material produced by the connective tissue cells that are embedded within it. Fluid tissue, for example blood and lymph, is characterized by a liquid matrix and no supporting fibers. Collagen fiber is made from fibrous protein subunits linked together to form a long and straight fiber. It fills the spaces between muscle fibers, surrounds blood and lymph vessels, and supports organs in the abdominal cavity. Examples of typical dense regular and dense irregular connective tissues consisting primarily of collagen fibers are shown in (Figure \(\PageIndex{5}\)). Q. Connective tissue is made of which three essential components? We recommend using a In contrast, white fat adipocytes store lipids as a single large drop and are metabolically less active. She issues a stern warning about the risk of aggravating the condition and the possibility of surgery. Connective tissue is made of which three essential components? Dense regular connective tissue fibers are parallel to each other, enhancing tensile strength and resistance to stretching in the direction of the fiber orientations. holds and conveys tissue fluid Location: Widely distributed under epithelia of body. They originate in the mesodermal germ layer and differentiate from mesenchyme and hematopoietic tissue in the bone marrow. In fluid connective tissue, in other words, lymph and blood, various specialized cells circulate in a watery fluid containing salts, nutrients, and dissolved proteins. . The matrix contains very few blood vessels. Specialized cells in connective tissue defend the body from microorganisms that enter the body. Fluid tissue, for example blood and lymph, is characterized by a liquid matrix and no supporting fibers. Surgical repair of a tendon is painful. Bones rigid extracellular matrix contains mostly collagen fibers embedded in a mineralized ground substance containing hydroxyapatite, a form of calcium phosphate. Q. Ligaments connect bones together and withstand a lot of stress. Why is areolar . compact bone matrix includes ground substance and the following fiber: hyaline cartilage matrix includes ground substance and the following fiber: ___________ contains a large amount of an extracellular matrix. All of the preventive measures aim to increase the strength of the tendon and decrease the stress put on it. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Hyaline cartilage is smooth and clear, covers joints, and is found in the growing portion of bones. As you toss the ball high in the air, a burning pain shoots across your wrist and you drop the tennis racket. Blood contains formed elements derived from bone marrow. It can appear yellow and owes its color to carotene and related pigments from plant food. Platelets are cell fragments involved in blood clotting. 31 Transitional Epithelium Several cell layers, basal cells are cuboidal . Keratin is a protein that helps strengthen the cells against abrasion. This is probably ________. Transport of fluid, nutrients, waste, and chemical messengers is ensured by specialized fluid connective tissues, such as blood and lymph. In other tissues, stretching in several directions is achieved by alternating layers where fibers run in the same orientation in each layer, and it is the layers themselves that are stacked at an angle. Tendinitis is the inflammation of a tendon, the thick band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone. citation tool such as, Authors: J. Gordon Betts, Kelly A. This is due to what is behind each of the properties. If the cobalt was initially at rest, use the conservation of momentum equation to determine its speed following the gamma ray emission. It derives its name from the Latin reticulus, which means little net.. Reticular cells produce the reticular fibers that form the network onto which other cells attach. It is lighter than compact bone and found in the interior of some bones and at the end of long bones. In vertebrates, it is composed of blood cells suspended in a liquid called blood plasma. interstitial fluid, proteoglycans, and cell adhesion proteins, ________ is not striated and is under involuntary control, ________ is striated and is under involuntary control, ductless glands that secrete hormones are called ________, examples of _________ include: tubular glands, simple glands, and glands that secrete sweat, _________ is a richly vascularized connective tissue and consists of more cells than extracellular matrix. The dermis of the skin is an example of dense irregular connective tissue rich in collagen fibers. Areolar tissue shows little specialization. The dermis of the skin is an example of dense irregular connective tissue rich in collagen fibers. Jan 27, 2022 OpenStax. These fibers hold connective tissues together, even during the movement of the body. Elastic fibers contain the protein elastin along with lesser amounts of other proteins and glycoproteins. They are found throughout the body, but are most abundant in the reticular tissue of soft organs, such as liver and spleen, where they anchor and provide structural support to the parenchyma (the functional cells, blood vessels, and nerves of the organ). Other cells move in and out of the connective tissue in response to chemical signals. It makes up a template of the embryonic skeleton before bone formation. Location: widely distributed under epithelia of body, mucous membranes, packages organs, surrounds capillaries Blood Function: Transport respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and other substances Location: within blood vessels Bone Elastic cartilage can stretch and recoil to its original shape because of its high content of elastic fibers. Secreted by fibroblasts, ground substance is made of polysaccharides, specifically hyaluronic acid, and proteins. connective tissue that conveys tissue fluids and strengthens organs is_____ areolar. Lymph drains into blood vessels, delivering molecules to the blood that could not otherwise directly enter the bloodstream. The surface of hyaline cartilage is smooth. Discuss how blood fulfills this role. Connective tissue in the tendon does not have abundant blood supply and heals slowly. Hyaline cartilage is smooth and clear, covers the articulating surfaces of bones, and is found in the growing portion of bones. 3. the stronger the attraction between particles, the greater the surface tension. Blood and lymph are fluid connective tissues. Lymph drains into blood vessels, delivering molecules to the blood that could not otherwise directly enter the bloodstream. After examining your swollen wrist, the doctor in the emergency room announces that you have developed wrist tendinitis. Located in the dermis of the skin and in fibrous capsules of organs and of joints. The matrix is the most abundant feature for loose tissue although adipose tissue does not have much extracellular matrix. Some applications require a ligament to balance tensile strength and elasticity, and thus contain elastic fibers in addition to collagen fibers that allow the ligament to return to its original length after stretching. That dull ache in the wrist that you ignored through the summer is now an unbearable pain. Ligaments connect bones together and withstand a lot of stress. A few cells can be seen squeezed between the fibers. These cells can differentiate into any type of connective tissue cells needed for repair and healing of damaged tissue. What is the description of connective tissue fibers? Between 4-16% of adults in the United States have experienced difficulty swallowing at some point during their lives. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. A. Wise, Eddie Johnson, Brandon Poe, Dean H. Kruse, Oksana Korol, Jody E. Johnson, Mark Womble, Peter DeSaix. Fibroblasts produce this fibrous tissue. It provides protection to internal organs and supports the body. What attribute of collagen is the source of its great tensile strength? Your opponent stands ready as you prepare to hit the serve, but you are confident that you will smash the ball past your opponent. Why does an injury to cartilage, especially hyaline cartilage, heal much more slowly than a bone fracture? Nutrients, salts, and waste are dissolved in the liquid matrix and transported through the body. Two major forms of supportive connective tissue, cartilage and bone, allow the body to maintain its posture and protect internal organs. You hear of tennis and golfers elbow, jumper's knee, and swimmers shoulder. Wraps and cushions organs, plays a role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid. The matrix plays a major role in the functioning of this tissue. If d1=3i^2j^+4k^\vec{d}_1=3 \hat{\mathrm{i}}-2 \hat{\mathrm{j}}+4 \hat{\mathrm{k}}d1=3i^2j^+4k^ and d2=5i^+2j^k^\vec{d}_2=-5 \hat{\mathrm{i}}+2 \hat{\mathrm{j}}-\hat{\mathrm{k}}d2=5i^+2j^k^, then what is (d1+d2)(d14d2)\left(\vec{d}_1+\vec{d}_2\right) \cdot\left(\vec{d}_1 \times 4 \vec{d}_2\right)(d1+d2)(d14d2) ? These combine to form a proteoglycan with a protein core and polysaccharide branches. It allows water, salts, and various nutrients to diffuse through to adjacent or imbedded cells and tissues. The extracellular matrix contains fluid, proteins, polysaccharide derivatives, and, in the case of bone, mineral crystals. On rare occasions, a sudden serious injury will cause tendinitis. Platelets are cell fragments involved in blood clotting. Compact bone is solid and has greater structural strength. Connective tissue that stores fat and protects organs. Areolar tissue shows little specialization. The many mitochondria in the cytoplasm of brown adipose tissue help explain its efficiency at metabolizing stored fat. Function: support, flexible framework for certain organs. The brown adipocytes store lipids as many droplets, and have high metabolic activity. are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written All connective tissues derive from the mesodermal layer of the embryo (see [link]). Some white blood cells have the ability to cross the endothelial layer that lines blood vessels and enter adjacent tissues. Cartilaginous tissue is avascular, thus all nutrients need to diffuse through the matrix to reach the chondrocytes. Both tissues have a variety of cell types and protein fibers suspended in a viscous ground substance. Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. A histologist examines a tissue slide and observes many fibers tightly packed together in a parallel arrangement. One of the main functions of connective tissue is to integrate organs and organ systems in the body. Structural Organization of the Human Body, Elements and Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter, Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning, Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning, Nervous Tissue Mediates Perception and Response, Diseases, Disorders, and Injuries of the Integumentary System, Exercise, Nutrition, Hormones, and Bone Tissue, Calcium Homeostasis: Interactions of the Skeletal System and Other Organ Systems, Embryonic Development of the Axial Skeleton, Development and Regeneration of Muscle Tissue, Interactions of Skeletal Muscles, Their Fascicle Arrangement, and Their Lever Systems, Axial Muscles of the Head, Neck, and Back, Axial Muscles of the Abdominal Wall and Thorax, Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs, Appendicular Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs, Basic Structure and Function of the Nervous System, Circulation and the Central Nervous System, Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System, Organs with Secondary Endocrine Functions, Development and Aging of the Endocrine System. Young athletes, dancers, and computer operators; anyone who performs the same movements constantly is at risk for tendinitis. Loose connective tissue is found between many organs where it acts both to absorb shock and bind tissues together. -Wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid. The most abundant cell in connective tissue proper is the fibroblast. with stands great tensile strength in one direction ( tendons, ligaments) dense . The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Which connective tissue specializes in storage of fat? Cartilage contains chondrocytes and is somewhat flexible. epithelia are supplied by nerve fibers. (Micrograph provided by the Regents of University of Michigan Medical School 2012), This is a loose connective tissue made up of a network of reticular fibers that provides a supportive framework for soft organs. Although repetitive motions are unavoidable in many activities and may lead to tendinitis, precautions can be taken that can lessen the probability of developing tendinitis. Chemical reactions (metabolism) are essential for cells to function and, thus, for the body as a whole to maintain boundaries, move, respond, digest, excrete, grow, and reproduce--all necessary life functions. Embedded within the cartilage matrix are chondrocytes, or cartilage cells, and the space they occupy are called lacunae (singular = lacuna). Connective tissues provide support and assist movement, store and transport energy molecules, protect against infections, and contribute to temperature homeostasis. It contains all the cell types and fibers previously described and is distributed in a random, web-like fashion. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Cartilage and bone are supportive tissue. Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. Dense regular elastic tissue contains elastic fibers in addition to collagen fibers. A second type of embryonic connective tissue forms in the umbilical cord, called mucous connective tissue or Whartons jelly. In contrast, white fat adipocytes store lipids as a single large drop and are metabolically less active. Blood is a fluid connective tissue, a variety of specialized cells that circulate in a watery fluid containing salts, nutrients, and dissolved proteins in a liquid extracellular matrix. In this way, specialized lymphatic capillaries transport absorbed fats away from the intestine and deliver these molecules to the blood. Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, adipose In adults, new connective tissue cells originate from the ________. Composed mainly of dense connective tissues, it serves as a tough, internal framework that surrounds muscles, bones, and nerves. connective tissue proper loose connective tissue, adipose. Collagen, Reticular, Elastic. Under the microscope, tissue samples appear clear. The matrix contains very few blood vessels. Wraps and cushions organs 2. Erythrocytes, red blood cells, transport oxygen and some carbon dioxide. areolar matrix includes ground substance and the following fibers: adipose matrix includes ground substance and the following fibers: dense connective tissue matrix includes ground substance and the following fibers: connective tissue that transports materials in a plasma matrix is: connective tissue that stores minerals and anchors muscles is, connective tissue that covers and protects the ends of long bones is, compact bone matrix includes nonfibrous ____________. Bone tissue is highly vascularized. Adipose tissue consists mostly of fat storage cells, with little extracellular matrix (Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\)). Protection is another major function of connective tissue, in the form of fibrous capsules and bones that protect delicate organs and, of course, the skeletal system. Both strong and flexible, it is found in the rib cage and nose and covers bones where they meet to form moveable joints. Adipocytes are cells that store lipids as droplets that fill most of the cytoplasm. Ligaments and tendons are made of dense regular connective tissue, but in ligaments not all fibers are parallel. It makes up a template of the embryonic skeleton before bone formation. The macrophage cell is a large cell derived from a monocyte, a type of blood cell, which enters the connective tissue matrix from the blood vessels. Connect tissues provide support and assist movement, store and transport energy molecules, protect against infections, and contribute to temperature homeostasis. . The example is from dog tissue. Connective tissue that attaches muscles and bones. Dense connective tissue proper is richer in fibers and may be regular, with fibers oriented in parallel as in ligaments and tendons, or irregular, with fibers oriented in several directions. She recommends icing the tender area, taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication to ease the pain and to reduce swelling, and complete rest for a few weeks. There are two major categories of dense connective tissue: regular and irregular. Cartilage contains chondrocytes and is somewhat flexible. Some cells have the ability to cross the endothelial layer that lines vessels and enter adjacent tissues. All of the preventive measures aim to increase the strength of the tendon and decrease the stress put on it. Explain surface tension.

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